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Will Toyota Survive?

Friday, March 12th, 2010

Every day goes by, and it seems that a new Toyota drama series is exposed, which makes the “Will Toyota Survive” question relevant. For instance a recent article Toyota Recall Class-Action Suits Could Cost The Automaker $3 Billion delves into the potential costs if class-action suits are accepted by the courts. It states,

Such class-action lawsuits “are more scary for Toyota than the cases where people actually got injured,” said Tom Baker, a University of Pennsylvania law professor. “A super-big injury case would be $20 million. But you could have millions of individual car owners who could (each) be owed $1,000. If I were Toyota, I’d be more worried about those cases.”

The AP conducted an extensive review of federal court filings and uncovered a total of 89 class-action lawsuits filed nationwide as of Monday.

Then on Monday, March 8, while Toyota is declaring that electronics is not the cause of unintended acceleration, a Prius owner/driver calls 911 in California reporting he is at the wheel of a runaway car. The driver even states that he reached down with his hand, physically pulling the gas pedal back to no avail. He states that he will never drive that car again. 

As each of these stories unfold, they add to the fodder of a great company gone bad. For close to two months now - its been front page news. How is Toyota reacting to their problem? Toyota is planning on turning up the volume by going on the offensive. It is going to change the story from “fear of driving” back to the “passion of driving and the passion for the Toyota brand.” And this is where the story could get interesting. Michael Rose pens an interesting article, Toyota: Learning the Wrong Lessons? Rose presents the interesting parallels between GM in the 80s and 90s, to what Toyota is doing today. And we all know what happened to GM and its slide from stardom lasting over 20 years.He closes the article,

Harry Pearce staved off the attack on GM with his public relations sleight of hand that demolished the opponents. However, the company didn’t use its reprieve to fix its problems.

If it turns out that Toyota is just embracing the lessons of the old GM and its troubles keep simmering long enough, there might be a glimmer of hope for the former big three that are now producing vehicles that actually do rival the competition.

The future of Toyota lies in the hands of Toyota. What did they learn, if anything? Will they change the culture inside Toyota, so it more closely resembles the culture inside their assembly plants? Will they quit blaming and start owning the problem? Will they learn from their mistakes?

My guess is, Toyota will survive. However, whether or not Toyota thrives is a different question. For Toyota to thrive, it will have to show the world it deserves their trust, and to achieve this, Toyota will have to change their ways. And as we have come to learn, this is very difficult to achieve in the Japanese culture.

Number 1 is the Loneliest

Monday, December 21st, 2009

Most organizations strive to be No. 1. It is the coveted spot. The position where success is realized. The position where trophies for excellence are offered. The position where power is garnered. However, it is also a very lonely and dangerous position to reside, because being No. 1 often breeds complacency and risky behavior.

A case in point is Toyota, a firm I’ve written about several times. Last weeks Economist, the front cover title was, Toyota slips up - Where the world’s biggest carmaker went wrong, and what it is learning from other corporate turnarounds.”

The article points out numerous areas where Toyota has become vulnerable while being in the No. 1 slot. 

  • Quality: “Toyota was a byword for quality and reliability. A few years ago its crown slipped when a number of qulity problems surfaced… For years Toyota has been the quality benchmark for every carmaker, but at the very moment it faltered, others were finally catching up”
  • Style: “As Car Magazine observed recently: ‘Excepting the small cars and the Prius, Toyota’s European range is as appetizing as an all you can eat tofu buffet.”
  • Safety: “Last month Toyota’s standing was dealt a further blow. The Insurance Institute for Highway Safety… announced its highest rated cars and SUVs for 2010… Not one of the 27 vehicles it chose was a Toyota.”
  • Silent Problems: “In another class action suit, triggered by a former employee, a corporate lawyer named Dimitrios Biller. Toyota is accused of trying to cover up evidence that it knew some of its vehicles could be deadly in roll-over accidents… The suggestion that squeaky-clean Toyota’s behavior may have resembled that of Ford and GM, which in the distant past covered up problems with the Pinto and Corvair, is especially wounding.”
  • The Test: The test will be to keep the ingredients that have made Toyota great - the dependability and affordability - while adding the spice and the flavours that customers now demand. It will not be easy, and the competition has never looked more formidable. But by recognising the scale of Toyota’s problems, by proclaiming their urgency and then drawing on the firm’s strengths to fix them, Mr. Toyoda has already taken the first, vitally important step towards salvation.

Over the past 18 months, numerous companies that once held the coveted No. 1 slot have fallen. Consider the likes of CitiGroup, GM, Circuit City, Lehman Brothers and Washington Mutal. And of course, we can’t for forget Tiger Woods, and his fall from high. Each were at the top of the their game - then something happened. Simply, they lost their competitive edge, partly by being Number 1.

Today, Toyota is in a dangerous position. It has lost momentum. It’s reputation has been tarnished. And, many of its customers are finding attractive alternatives. Yes, Number 1 is a dangerous and lonely position from which to lead.

GM’s a Changin?

Tuesday, December 8th, 2009

If you were to look up the term Silent Problem, the iconic symbol for GM would be there. Over the past 30+ years, GM has been a company where culture trumped everything. Well last week, GM finally took a couple baby steps to shake up the team, and hopefully begin to change the culture.  A report over at Bloomberg titled, Whitacre’s GM Culture Fix Moves Up Younger Executives, Women  provides a few insights from various analysts and consultants.  Here they are:

  • “It’s a signal they are serious about getting younger people in and running the place right,” said Thomas Stallkamp, 63, industrial partner at buyout firm Ripplewood Holdings LLC and a member of the team that helped restructure Chrysler Corp. in the 1990s. “This is a culture that was so inbred, so genteel, people were afraid to speak up.”
  • “Most of what has occurred this week at General Motors is about speeding things up and making people more accountable for the decisions they make,” John Wolkonowicz, an analyst at consultant IHS Global Insight in Lexington, Massachusetts.”
  • “Almost by definition, any change is probably good for the company because GM has resisted change so heavily in the past,” said John Casesa, managing partner of consultant Casesa Shapiro Group LLC in New York. “GM’s resistance to change is one of the key reasons for its decline.”
  • “The speed these changes were made with shows this is not the lumbering GM we’ve known in the past,” Michelle Krebs, senior analyst at Santa Monica, California-based researcher Edmunds.com, said in a telephone interview. “It shows that they’re truly trying to transform the company.”

In my book Without Warning, I include a list of seven warning signs that a silent problem is present. Guess what? GM has been continuously inflicted with all seven warning signs. GMs been a place where silence was practiced and Without Warning Events occurred with predictable regularity. The first step for GM in changing the culture is stupidly simple.

         Give every employee a voice!

And then listen. Only then can an organization like GM create and sustain an environement for change.

Bottom Line: GM is an excellent example of what happens when silent problems go unresolved and begin to take over the organization. In a previous blog pose titled “Do Silent Problems Impact Business Performance” I illustrate how silent problems have a direct correlation to business performance.

GM, Customer Service & Reputation

Friday, December 4th, 2009

If you challenge an individuals reputation, you’d better be ready to get in a fight. For instance, I was recently shown a letter from GM dealer, Tom Sparks Automotive, of DeKalb, IL that was sent out to their customers. Here is what it said:

In keeping with our commitment to inform our customers, we are writing this letter to let you know about some changes taking place, as well as inform some of the misinformation that you might be receiving through the mail from the new General Motors.

After a thorough review of our relationship with GM, we have decided to completely break ties with them, causing us to consolidate operations… We want you to know that contrary to the letters you have received from GM in regard to our service, our trained technicians who have serviced your car in the past can still service your car, with only one exception: manufacturer warranty work…One of the things that we have never compromised on is the service you receive in our repair facility. According to GM’s policies and procedures book, a dealer is not supposed to let the customer know of any problems that your car might be experiencing if the customer is not aware of the problem. Not adhering to this policy the dealer risks the possibility of not being paid for the service by GM…

We strongly believe that GM, through its reinvention process, has forgotten the needs of the customer and that is something we at Tom Sparks are not willing to do… Thank you for your business, and we look forward to seeing you soon. (letter from Tom Sparks Automotive)

Survival is a challenging problem in today’s economy, especially in the automotive marketplace. As GM and Chrysler attempt to reinvent themselves, it’s a place where emotions speak loudly, as this letter demonstrates. But more importantly, everything is escalated when reputation is put on the line. And in the automotive industry, reputation plays an integral role in everything; from sales, to service, to customer satisfaction. It’s what made GM great, and what helped destroy it. However as this letter illustrates, GMs move to expel certain dealers through bankruptcy (although they’re now reconsidering this) has many unintended consequences, especially when a dealer’s reputation has been put on the line.

Bottom Line: Reputation is a critical attribute for every organization. This letter illustrates just a few of the many challenges GM is and will encounter as they attempt to rebuild their automotive customer base. Good luck, you’ll need it.

Too Big To Succeed?

Wednesday, December 2nd, 2009

The “Too Big To Fail” debate has been rampant for well over a year now as institutions like GM, CitiGroup, AIG,Chrysler and numerous others have essentially failed, only to be rescued by the US Government. Lack of leadership. Ineffective risk management. Rogue teams with few controls. Bloated cost structures. These are a few of the reasons why they failed. But what isn’t being offered up as a reason is this:

Were These Companies Were Too Big To Succeed?

Earlier this year The Hacket Group reported:

Most Companies Have Failed Agility Test; Three out of Four Global 1000 Companies Cannot Drive Cost Reductions That Match Declines in Revenue, Profits.

The world’s largest companies have for the most part failed in their efforts to reduce the cost of functions such as Finance, IT, HR, and Procurement over the past year, exacerbating the impact of dramatic declines in revenue, profits, and earnings, according to new research from The Hackett Group, Inc.

Hackett’s analysis of the latest financial results of nearly 200 of the 1,000 largest public companies in the world that have reported Q2 2009 financial information showed that only one company in four was able to manage their Selling, General, & Administrative (SG&A) costs in line with revenue reductions over the past 12 months.

While these companies saw average revenue reductions of 23.7 percent, they were only able to cut SG&A costs by 6.7 percent. As a result, SG&A costs as a percentage of revenue for Global 1000 companies have risen significantly over the same period, going from 12.6 percent of revenue to 15.5 percent of revenue. Hackett’s research found that typical Global 1000 companies (with $26 billion in annual revenue) are losing out on up to $1 billion in annual cost savings as a result of this lack of agility.

Yes, agility is an important component fo every company, especially during an economic upheaval. However, as you look at companies like CitiGroup, GM and others that have become exposed in this economic downturn, what words come to mind? Personally, words like inept, clumsy and bloated come to mind. And as I’ve written many times before, large companies are ripe for “silent problems” (problems that are avoided, neglected or go about unnoticed) to germinate, grow and potentially explode into a Without Warning event. The only way for large organizations to remain healthy is for them to be vigilent in the prevention of silent problems in the first place and the discovery/solving of them if they’ve already occurred.

Bottom Line: The Too Big To Fail debate should also include a debate about Too Big To Succeed. Only when the counter weight in this debate occurs can wise decisions be made before they become Without Warning Events.

Access To The Best

Monday, October 26th, 2009

Do you have an inquisitive mind? If you do, I’m certain that from time to time you look at a business experiencing economic hardship and wonder, “How could that happen? They have access to the best talent the world has to offer. They have access to the top consultants… the top financial analysts… the top bankers… the most efficient suppliers…  The list goes on and on.  And then you realize, none of this matters. Simply having “access to the best” is not enough. Because culture has the ability and capacity to trump change. In effect, culture can just about kill anything it wants to, if it so chooses. This is why leaders must build cultures that embrace change, rather than killing it.

 A case in point is illustrated by Steve Rattner, the ex-car czar who helped orchestrate the bailout for the Detroit automakers. Here are a few of the comments from a Huffington Post article.

Everyone knew Detroit’s reputation for insular, slow-moving cultures. Even by that low standard, I was shocked by the stunningly poor management that we found, particularly at GM, where we encountered, among other things, perhaps the weakest finance operation any of us had ever seen in a major company. GM’s board of directors was “utterly docile in the face of mounting evidence of a looming disaster” and former GM chairman and chief executive Rick Wagoner set a tone of “friendly arrogance” that permeated the company, Rattner wrote. “Certainly Rick and his team seemed to believe that virtually all of their problems could be laid at the feet of some combination of the financial crisis, oil prices, the yen-dollar exchange rate and the UAW,” Rattner wrote. “We were shocked, even beyond our low expectations, by the poor state of both GM and Chrysler.

Although Rattner’s comments are recent, one doesn’t need to search too far to find further evidence leading to GMs demise.

“We have vastly underestimated how deeply ingrained are the organizational and cultural rigidities that hamper our ability to execute.” Elmer Johnson

What’s interesting about Johnson’s comment, it was made in 1987.

Bottom Line: Having “access to the best” is not a competitive advantage, nor is it a winning strategy. At times, it can even be a silent problem. Developing an organization that works efficiently, effectively and can leverage the talents within will win in the long run.

What are you doing to leverage your talent resources?

Bummer of a Birthmark

Friday, July 31st, 2009

Gary Larson, creator of the comic strip “The Far Side” once illustrated 2-deer standing on their hind legs in the woods, with one having a bullseye birthmark on its stomach. The other deer staring at the bullseye states, “Bummer of a birthmark, Hal.”
The other day I was at a medical clinic when the nurse walked into the waiting room and announced that is was “Mr. Madoff’s” turn to see the doctor.  I’m certain it wasn’t “the real famous Mr. Madoff,” since he is currently serving time at a correctional facility in the Carolinas. However, I thought to myself, “Bummer of a birthmark, Mr. Madoff.” This sparked a stream of thoughts as relates to silent problems and birthmarks. For instance:

  • Will GM be able to recreate its once glorious image, or will it be a “Bummer of a birthmark, GM” future?
  • Will Chrysler and its newly announced marriage with Fiat be able to rebuild its image, or once again will it be a “Bummer of a birthmark, Chrysler” future.
  • And how about institutions like Citigroup, AIG, Bank of America and a slew of others that faltered, yet were saved? Will they too be noted for their “birthmark” from the past?

In the past year, thousands of businesses have found unwanted “bullseye birthmarks” attached to their names and their businesses. Many were well deserved, while others were merely situational. Regardless, those with the bullseye birthmark are being closely watched.  And if you’re in one of those situations, there is only one way out. Be squeeky clean and walk the talk. At the very least, you don’t want to be seen as controversial.

Good luck…

What’s Your Humorous GM Story

Wednesday, June 10th, 2009

I grew up in Northern Illinois, and during my youth I had a range of memorable cars. My first memorable car was a 60 something Nash Rambler. It was a 4-door, faded lime green (from being in the sun constantly and never being waxed), 3-speed on the column stick, and seats that laid all the way back into a bed-like formation. It was my first beater car that I shared with my older brother.
My second car was a dark blue, 1967 Tempest. Nothing special. Cloth bench seats. A small V-8 engine. Pretty plain-jane kind of car, but is was fairly good transportation. My funny GM starts here. One winter evening I was participating in a progressive supper with my youth group. It was snowing lightly, so the roads were a bit slick. As we traveled from one country destination to another, I slowed down and stopped at a STOP sign. A friend of mine was following when he hit a slick spot on the road and nudged me from behind. The right rear tail light was busted. But what made this experience memorable was the name change my car incurred that evening. The bump also broke the Tempest nameplate on the trunk, with the “Tem” falling off. The “pest” survived. From that day forward, my car was referred to as “the pest.”

As much as we like to discuss the many failures of GM, many of us also have fond memories. These memories remain vibrant today and shaped our passion for cars. Regardless what happens to GM, this institution was an important part of our culture and our being.

What is your GM story?

GM’s Silent Problem - 30 Years Old & Running

Tuesday, June 9th, 2009

On Jan. 21, 1988, a General Motors executive named Elmer Johnson wrote a brave and prophetic memo. Its main point was contained in this sentence: “We have vastly underestimated how deeply ingrained are the organizational and cultural rigidities that hamper our ability to execute.” from David Brooks in the Quaqmire Ahead at the NYT.

In coming months, a slew of articles, books and case studies will emerge about the ultimate demise of GM and Chysler. These once mighty institutions epitimized US ingenuity and manafucturing capability. They were about design and marketing. They were powerful, and massive institutions. However their fall from greatness is not a lonely chapter. It’s been preceeded by numerous other once mighty instituions. Just look at the original 30 firms that made up the DJIA. How many remain?

Allied Chemical, American Can, American Smelting, American Sugar, American Tobacco B, Atlantic Refining, Bethlehem Steel, Chrysler, General Electric Company, General Motors Corporation, General Railway Signal, Goodrich, International Harvester, International Nickel, Mack Truck, Nash Motors, North American, Paramount Publix, Postum Incorporated, Radio Corporation of America, Sears Roebuck & Company , Standard Oil (N.J.), Texas Company, Texas Gulf Sulphur, Union Carbide, U.S. Steel, Victor Talking Machine, Westinghouse Electric, Woolworth, and Wright Aeronautical.

So it should be of little surprise that GM and Chrysler are underwater today. The primary reason for their failure is spelled out byElmer Johnson’s evaluation. “We have vastly underestimated how deeply ingrained are the organizational and cultural rigidities that hamper our ability to execute.”

For every organization, anything that hampers its ability to execute is huge. It’s like going up to bat knowing the bat you chose is too big, and the likelihood of a strikeout high. As I’ve studied organizations, interacted with leaders and given presentations, I’ve come to realize that silent problems (problems that are avoided, neglected or go unnoticed) are an integral component of how an organization is able to execute. Simply, as the number of silent problems grows inside an organization, the ability of the organization to execute diminishes proportionally. This is why solving silent problems are so important, and integral to the short and long term performance and viability of the organization.

Yes, silent problems were an integral component as to GM & Chrysler’s demise. After all, silent problems eventually become Without Warning Events, which can derail almost any organization for a period of time.

Bottom Line: High performance organizations deal with silent problems when they’re small.

What Would Google Do?

Tuesday, March 31st, 2009

Less than 24 hours after the blast across the bow of GM and Chrsler by President Obama, newsmania and blogmania has devoured this event, licking its chops for more.  One blog refered to GM as Government Motors.  Some profess that GM will go to Chapter 11 as a means to find its new footing.  Maybe most interesting, Ford under the helm of Mulally is receiving high praise for the deep restructuring they underwent over the past 2-years.  Ford is suddenly the strongest, best managed and best run domestic auto manufacturer.  That’s an interesting story unto itself.

So what does GM, Ford and Chrysler have to do with Google?

Jeff Jarvis, a journalist of traditional roots recently wrote the book What Would Google Do (WWGD).  It’s one of those questions that could be asked of just about anything.  You see, since Google’s meagar start in this world less than 10-years past, it has become a behemoth, with 20,000+ employees. They’ve been a pioneer and a disruptor, taking on Microsoft, Yahoo and others. And along the way, it has created a pretty impressive resume, including phenomenal employee relations. I’m convinced that Google regards their employees as their number one asset.  Yet if I were lucky enough to spend a week inside Google and a second week inside GM, I’m certain there would be little similarity.  Google has a plan to move forward.  GM has a plan to step backwards slowly.  Google embraces entreprenuership.  GM has a well defined hierarchy that protects the status quo.  Google is a disruptor.  GM is a protector.  Google hires the brightest talent available.  GM use to hire the brightest talent available.  The list could go on and on.

The comparison of Google to GM is not the point of this blog post.  In the March 30th edition of Fortune magazine, the article, “Growing Pains - The Axman Comes to Google - New finance chief Pichette gets tough” by Adam Sashinsky caught my attention.  It states:

That’s right: Google, among the most chaotic, prolifigate, unfocused, engineering oriented, and self-proclaimed recession-resistant of organizations, had reached outside the Googleplex for a real business executive and charged him with ensuring that Google’s freewheeling culture wouldn’t become its own worst enemy.

It’s the last phrase “wouldn’t become its own worst enemy” that resonates with me, whether discussing, Google, GM, Ford, Motorola, and millions of other companies.  Because this is what so often happens.  We become our own worst enemy.  Its as if we play Darwin unto ourselves.  To prevent Google from a similar fate, Pichette has shut numerous projects, facilities and perks. Layoffs were announced. Hiring has been curtailed. The impact, expenditures have declined and free cash flow has increased.

 So what would Google do at GM?  My guess is, Google would have the Axman come, and then watch out. And in the end, GM would look significantly different. And I wonder if GM really has the guts to do what it knows it needs to do.  Welcome to the world of Darwin.

Be the one to see it coming!

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Without Warning - Rondey Johnson

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